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Characteristics of X ring
Update:2018-10-05
Shape improvement of O-ring
With the increasing sealing performance requirements for seals, now there are some other types of extruded seals with different cross-section shapes. The working principle of these seals are similar to O-rings and are also extrusion-type seals, but it is superior to some sealing properties of the O-ring by changing the shape of the cross section.
Main performance and sealing principle
The X-ring (also known as the star ring) is a seal with four sealing lips. It is a seamless ring that is vulcanized with a mold and has a square cross section. The X-ring is very similar to the O-ring in use and function. However, it is more sealing than O-ring. The material of the X-ring is generally synthetic rubber.
The X-ring is mainly used in dynamic seals and can also be used for static seals. Suitable for double acting reciprocating pistons, piston rods, plungers, etc.; and also for shafts and mandrels in swing, spiral and rotary working environments.
The working pressure of the X-ring is not more than 40 MPa, the working speed is not more than 0.5 m/s, and the working temperature is -60...200 °C (depending on the material of the X-ring). Special anti-friction treatment on the surface of the X-ring can have better friction performance.
The X-ring is a double-acting seal that is forced by the pressure of the sealing medium and is sealed by the contact stress on the sealing coupling surface. The radial and axial forces of the seal depend on the operating pressure of the hydraulic system. As the pressure increases, the amount of compression of the seal increases and the contact pressure increases accordingly.
Therefore, the X-ring has the following characteristics compared with the O-ring:
1. The X-ring will not flip and twist when reciprocating.
2. Since the required amount of radial compression is small, the contact stress is small and the friction is small.
3. The protruding parts are filled with lubricating oil during operation, so the lubricating oil condition is very good and the friction coefficient is small.
4. Since the distribution of contact stress is uniform, the amount of leakage is small.
5. Since the parting surface of the X-ring is placed between the two lips, the flash does not affect the sealing performance.
6. X-ring is applied to the occasion of dynamic seal, has good sealing performance, and long service life. As a O-ring substitute in low-speed motion, it is suitable for rotating shaft seals.
X-rings are used in dynamic and static seal applications. When applied to a piston seal, the inner diameter of the X ring should be the same as the diameter of the installation groove or slightly less than 2%. In this way, the X-ring is slightly pre-compressed in the groove to prevent tilting.
When used for shaft seals, if there is no X-ring of the same size as the piston rod or shaft diameter, then, among the slightly larger or smaller ones, choose an X ring that the inner diameter is close to.
The X-ring mounting groove can be interchanged with the O-ring groove.
